Expand this Topic clickable element to expand a topic
Skip to content
Optica Publishing Group
Journal Home About Issues in Progress Current Issue All Issues Feature Issues

2D light scattering patterns of mitochondria in single cells

Xuan-Tao Su, Clarence Capjack, Wojciech Rozmus, and Christopher Backhouse

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

Abstract

The ability to characterize the mitochondria in single living cells may provide a powerful tool in clinical applications. We have recently developed a 2D (both polar angle and azimuth angle dependences) light scattering cytometric technique which we apply here to assess experimental 2D light scattering patterns from single biological cells (yeast and human). We compare these patterns to those obtained from simulations using a 3D Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method and demonstrate that microstructure (e.g., the cytoplasm and/or nucleus) of cells generates fringes of scattered light, while in the larger human cells the light scattered by the mitochondria dominates the scatter pattern, forming compact regions of high intensity that we term ‘blobs’. These blobs provide information on the mitochondria within the cell and their analysis may ultimately be useful as a diagnostic technique.

©2007 Optical Society of America

Full Article  |  PDF Article
More Like This
Rapid simulation of wide-angle scattering from mitochondria in single cells

Patrick M. Pilarski, Xuan-Tao Su, D. Moira Glerum, and Christopher J. Backhouse
Opt. Express 16(17) 12819-12834 (2008)

Light scattering characterization of mitochondrial aggregation in single cells

Xuan-Tao Su, Kirat Singh, Wojciech Rozmus, Christopher Backhouse, and Clarence Capjack
Opt. Express 17(16) 13381-13388 (2009)

Pattern recognition cytometry for label-free cell classification by 2D light scattering measurements

Xuantao Su, Shanshan Liu, Xu Qiao, Yan Yang, Kun Song, and Beihua Kong
Opt. Express 23(21) 27558-27565 (2015)

View More...

Cited By

Optica participates in Crossref's Cited-By Linking service. Citing articles from Optica Publishing Group journals and other participating publishers are listed here.

Alert me when this article is cited.


Figures (11)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Various cell models and their corresponding 2D FDTD scatter patterns. (a), a cell with a nucleus (cyan) and the cytoplasm (magenta) only. (b), randomly distributed mitochondria (random seed I) only. (c), a cell with a nucleus, the cytoplasm, and the randomly distributed mitochondria (random seed I). (d), a cell with a nucleus, the cytoplasm, and the randomly distributed mitochondria (random seed II). (a′), (b′), (c′) and (d′) are the calculated 2D FDTD scatter patterns for the cell models (a), (b), (c) and (d) in the microfluidic waveguide cytometer, respectively.

Download Full Size | PDF

Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. The 2D scatter pattern (showing several fringes) experimentally obtained from a yeast cell within an integrated waveguide cytometer.

Download Full Size | PDF

Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. The simulated 2D scatter patterns of a yeast cell with varying orientations. (a), a yeast cell with its long axis along the z direction. (b), the same yeast cell as in (a) but rotated by 450. The yeast cell has a long axis of 2.9µm, and both the two short axes are 2.4µm. The cyan sphere is the nucleus centered at the origin. The blue spheres are the randomly distributed mitochondria. The yeast cell wall and the cytoplasm are shown in different colors of grey and magenta, respectively. (c) and (d) are the FDTD scatter patterns corresponding to cell models (a) and (b), respectively.

Download Full Size | PDF

Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. The 2D scatter pattern (showing a sparse distribution of blobs) experimentally obtained from a human Raji cell within an integrated waveguide cytometer.

Download Full Size | PDF

Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. Raji cell models and their 2D FDTD scatter patterns. (a), a Raji cell with 300 randomly distributed mitochondria, a nucleus and cytoplasm. (b), a ‘cell’ with only the 300 randomly distributed mitochondria. (a) and (b) have the same mitochondrial distribution. (c) and (d) are the 2D FDTD scatter patterns for (a) and (b), respectively.

Download Full Size | PDF

Fig. S1.
Fig. S1. Geometry of the FDTD simulation. The incident wave vector is along the z axis, while polarized along the x axis. The scattered wave vector has a polar angle θ, and an azimuth angle φ. For all the studies in this report, the cell is centered at the origin.

Download Full Size | PDF

Fig. S2.
Fig. S2. The planar waveguide structure of the integrated microfluidic waveguide cytometer. The scattered light goes from a substrate (1.2mm, refractive index 1.47), through an air gap ‘1’ (0.35mm), a CCD cover glass (0.75mm, refractive index 1.5), and an air gap ‘2’ (1.25mm) onto a CCD surface.

Download Full Size | PDF

Fig. S3.
Fig. S3. Representative figures showing nucleus size and position effects on the scatter patterns. The cell models used here are with only the cell cytoplasm and a nucleus. The cell cytoplasm is with a constant diameter of 4µm, while the nucleus size and position varies with different cell models. Fig. S3(a) has a nucleus of 1.2µm in diameter, and Fig. S3(b) has a nucleus of 2.8µm in diameter. Fig. S3(c) and S3(d) have the same size of nucleus as in Fig. 1 but at different positions. The nucleus for Fig. S3(c) is centered at (0, 0, 0.4)µm, and the nucleus for Fig. S3(d) is centered at (0, 0, -0.4)µm. Fig. S3 (along with other such simulations) shows that variations in nucleus size and position will not generate the blobs in the 2D scatter patterns.

Download Full Size | PDF

Fig. S4.
Fig. S4. Representative figures showing that yeast cell orientation effects (cells without mitochondria) will not generate 2D blobs. Fig. S4(a) and S4(b) are the same yeast cells as in Fig. 3, but without the mitochondria. Fig. S4(a) is the yeast cell with the cell wall, the cell cytoplasm and the nucleus at an orientation of polar angle 00, while Fig. S4(b) at an orientation of polar angle 450. Figure S4 shows that the orientation effects of the microstructures in a yeast cell will not generate the blobs. The orientation effects change the fringe distributions.

Download Full Size | PDF

Fig. S5.
Fig. S5. Scatter patterns from different cell components. (a) is a scatter pattern from only the 40 randomly distributed yeast cell mitochondria shown in Fig. 3(a). Figure 3(b) is a scatter pattern from only the yeast cell wall shown in Fig. 3(a).

Download Full Size | PDF

Fig. S6.
Fig. S6. Scatter intensity level for different cell components. The scanning is performed for the same region in Fig. S5(a), Fig. S5(b) and Fig. 5(d), which are the scatter patterns for the 40 yeast mitochondria, the yeast cell wall and the 300 Raji mitochondria, respectively.

Download Full Size | PDF

Select as filters
Select Topics Cancel
Top
       
© Copyright 2024 | Optica Publishing Group. All rights reserved, including rights for text and data mining and training of artificial technologies or similar technologies.
Privacy | Terms of Use