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Ultrafast Kerr-induced all-optical wavelength conversion in silicon waveguides using 1.55 μm femtosecond pulses

R. Dekker, A. Driessen, T. Wahlbrink, C. Moormann, J. Niehusmann, and M. Först

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Abstract

The propagation of 300 femtosecond optical pulses in Silicon-on Insulator waveguides has been studied by means of a pump-probe set-up. The ultrafast pulses allowed the observation of large Kerr-induced red and blue shifts (9nm and 15nm, respectively) of the probe signal depending on the delay between pump (1554nm) and probe (1683nm) pulses. A numerical model taking into account the Kerr effect, Two Photon Absorption and Free Carrier Absorption is presented and provides good agreement with our experimental data and data in literature. A microring resonator based device is proposed that exploits the observed wavelength shift for sub-picosecond all-optical switching.

©2006 Optical Society of America

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Figures (5)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Schematic representation of the pump-probe setup.

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Probe signal transmission as function of delay time.

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Center wavelength of the probe signal as function of delay time.

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. Left: first order dispersion as a function of wavelength. Pump and probe wavelengths are marked with black dots. Right: walkoff length as function of waveguide width. The waveguide width of the waveguide used in the experiments is marked with a black dot.

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Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. Schematic representation of an all-optical switching scheme consisting of an active SOI waveguide channel for the wavelength conversion and a passive SOI ring resonator for the wavelength dependent space switching. The experimentally observed wavelength shift as function of delay time is projected on top of the theoretical spectral response of a microring resonator to illustrate the working principle of this all-optical switching scheme.

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Tables (1)

Tables Icon

Table 1. Temporal characteristics of pulse propagation in SOI waveguides for different pulse durations. Simulations of the pulse intensities, free carrier densities and refractive index change as function of time are shown for 300fs, 3.5ps and 17ns experiments, respectively. The last row shows the XPM induced wavelength shift of the probe signal.

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Equations (9)

Equations on this page are rendered with MathJax. Learn more.

I t 0 = I max ∙ e − 0.5 ( ∣ t − t 0 ∣ δ ) 2
dI t z dz = − αI t z − β I 2 t z − σN t z I t z
dN t z dt = β 2 hv I 2 t z − N t z τ
Δ n Kerr t z = n 2 ∙ I t z
Δ n FC t z = − ( 8.8.10 − 22 N e t z + 8.5· 10 − 18 N h t z 0.8 )
Δϕ t z = 2 π L int λ [ Δ n Kerr t z + Δ n FC t z ]
Δω t z = − d dt Δ ϕ t z
λ s = λ 0 1 − L int c ∙ Δ n t z dt
L w ( λ ) = T 0 ∣ β 1 p ( λ ) − β 1 s ( λ ) ∣
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