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PMD tolerance of polarization division multiplex transmission using return-to-zero coding

S. Hinz, D. Sandel, F. Wüst, and R. Noé

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

Polarization division multiplex (PolDM) doubles the data rate in existing trunk lines without need for additional optical bandwidth. In the presence of dispersion compensation, polarization mode dispersion (PMD) limits the achievable transmission length. PMD tolerance of standard binary intensity modulation or non-return-to-zero coding has already been published. Recently, the return-to-zero (RZ) transmission format has become of more interest; therefore we assess the PMD tolerance of PolDM by numerical simulations and a transmission experiment. For a given total data rate per wavelength PolDM supports at least as much differential group delay as standard binary intensity modulation. So, PolDM is an attractive multilevel modulation scheme to solve capacity problems with low additional effort.

©2001 Optical Society of America

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Figures (6)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. DGD for total eye closure vs. duty cycle d using interleaved (dashed) and noninterleaved (solid) pulses. For 2-IM the eye is closed at DGD=0.5T (reference).

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Worst-case non-interleaved PolDM data RX eye diagrams for DGD/T=0.125 (a), 0.25 (b) and 0.375 (c) as well as for interleaved PolDM, DGD/T=0.125 (d) and 0.25 (e). For comparison, an undistorted eye in the absence of PMD is also shown (f).

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. System penalty vs. DGD (left) and vs. interleave time t (right), duty cycle d=0.34

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. 2×20 Gb/s PolDM transmission setup; MOD: LiNbO3 modulator, PBS: polarization beam splitter, DSF: dispersion shifted fiber, PMF: polarization maintaining fiber, EPT: endless polarization transformer, POL: polarizer

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Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. Simulated (a) and measured (b) worst case eye diagrams for PolDM on a high speed monitor receiver for DGD/T=0, 0.125 and 0.18 (from left to right).

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Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. Simulated Q-factor for 2-IM and PolDM modulation schemes (left); Q-factor measurement in a PolDM transmission system in the presence of PMD (right)

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