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Quasi-phase matching of high-harmonics and attosecond pulses in modulated waveguides

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Abstract

We describe theoretically a new technique for quasi-phase-matched generation of high harmonics and attosecond pulses in a gas medium, in a high ionization limit. A corrugated hollow-core fiber modulates the intensity of the fundamental pulse along the direction of propagation, resulting in a periodic modulation of the harmonic emission at wavelengths close to the cutoff. This leads to an increase of the harmonic yield of up to three orders of magnitude. At the same time the highest harmonics merge in a broad band that corresponds to a single attosecond pulse, using 15-fs driving pulses.

©2000 Optical Society of America

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Figures (5)

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Dependence of the bore radius of a tapered hollow-core waveguide, and of the normalized pulse intensity, as function of the distance: (a,b)-flat fiber; (c,d)-corrugated fiber.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Time dependence of the laser pulse at the waveguide axis, and ionization probability (red line).
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Energy of 95-th harmonic versus propagation distance for: flat fiber (a); corrugated fiber (b).
Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. Harmonic spectra for flat fiber (a), and for corrugated fiber (b); at the input- curves (1), at the output-curves (2).
Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. Output harmonic pulse for flat fiber (a), and for corrugated fiber (b).

Equations (3)

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2 c 2 E z t + Δ E = 4 π c 2 N [ e 2 m P ( E ) E + I p t ( 1 E P ( E ) t ) ] 1 c 2 [ 1 n 2 ( p ) ] 2 E t 2
2 c 2 E h z t + Δ E h = 4 π c 2 N [ e 2 m P ( E ) E h + a ] ,
d ( τ ) = i 0 τ d τ b [ π ε + i ( τ τ b ) ] 1.5 E ( τ b ) exp [ iS ( p s , τ , τ b ) γ ( τ b ) ]
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