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Quantum-limited noise performance of a femtosecond all-fiber ytterbium laser

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Abstract

We report on quantum-limited noise performance of a mode-locked ytterbium all-fiber laser. The laser operates at a high normal net dispersion without dispersion compensation. We show that the naïve application of analytical models to such lasers leads to strongly underestimated timing jitter, whereas a numerical simulation is in reasonable agreement with measurements. The measured timing phase noise is found to be essentially limited by quantum noise influences and not by technical noise. Furthermore we show that the phase noise of different comb lines has a quasi-fix point at the center of the optical spectrum and that the jitter is translated into high carrier–envelope offset phase noise with a linewidth of around 3 MHz.

©2009 Optical Society of America

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Figures (7)

Fig. 3
Fig. 3 Power spectral density of the timing phase noise obtained with the von der Linde method (solid black curve). The peaks at low offset frequencies result from parasitic electronic influences by the power supply. Above ≈10 kHz, the measurement is limited by the noise floor of the spectrum analyzer as indicated (red dash-dotted curve). Also shown are the numerical results (straight gray line, above 80 kHz) and the corresponding extrapolation to lower noise frequencies, assuming white frequency noise (dotted gray line). Finally, the analytical estimate is shown as the black dashed curve.
Fig. 1
Fig. 1 Setup of the all-fiber laser. PC: polarization controller; SMF: single-mode fiber; WDM: wavelength division multiplexer.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2 Setup for phase noise measurements (a) setting for the von der Linde method [6]; (b) setting for the indirect phase comparison method [11]. PD: photodiode; BP: bandpass filter; Amp: amplifier; LP: low-pass filter.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4 Power spectral density of the timing phase noise calculated by Fourier analysis of the measured data obtained with the indirect phase comparison method. Black solid curve: first laser; gray solid curve: second laser; black dashed curve: difference of the phase values. The peak at about 70 kHz is an aliased parasitic signal.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5 Setup for measuring (a) the beat note between the fiber laser and the NPRO and (b) the CEO frequency. WDM: wave length division multiplexer; SMF: single mode fiber; BS: beam splitter; PH: pin hole; PD: photodiode.
Fig. 6
Fig. 6 Phase noise spectrum of the beat note (solid black curve), compared with the theoretical spectrum for a simple random-walk process with 10 kHz linewidth (dashed gray curve).
Fig. 7
Fig. 7 Measured CEO beat signal. The peak at 32.8 MHz corresponds to the repetition rate of the laser.
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