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Design of 7 and 19 cells core air-guiding photonic crystal fibers for low-loss, wide bandwidth and dispersion controlled operation

R. Amezcua-Correa, N. G. R. Broderick, M. N. Petrovich, F. Poletti, and D. J. Richardson

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

We study the modal properties of feasible hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers (HC-PBGFs) with cores formed by omitting either 7 or 19 central unit-cells. Firstly, we analyze fibers with thin core surrounds and demonstrate that even for large cores the proposed structures are optimum for broad-band transmission. We compare these optimized structures with fibers which incorporate antiresonant core surrounds which are known to have low-loss. Trade-offs between loss and useful bandwidth are presented. Finally, we study the effects that small modifications to the core surround have on the fiber’s group velocity dispersion, showing the possibility of engineering the dispersion in hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers.

©2007 Optical Society of America

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Figures (7)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Cross section of the analyzed HC-PBGFs: (a) 7-cell core, (b) 19-cell core. (c) Structural parameters: d/Λ=0.98, dc /Λ=0.44, dp /Λ=0.22, tr /(Λ-d)=1, and Λ=4.7µm.

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Normalized interface field intensity of the fundamental air-guided mode vs. wavelength for different values of the normalized ring thickness T. For the (a) 7-cell core fiber and (b) 19-cell core fiber. Note that the color scale is the same for both maps

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Calculated useful bandwidth vs. normalized ring thickness, (a) for the 7-cell core, and (b) 19-cell core fibers.

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. Maximum of the power fraction in the core (solid) and minimum of the normalized field intensity F (dashed) vs. normalized ring thickness, (a) for the 7-cell core, and (b) 19-cell core fibers.

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Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. (a) Group velocity dispersion, and (b) normalized interface field intensity of the fundamental mode for a 7-cell core fiber with T=0.45, 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, and 0.65. The black circles in (b) indicate the zero-GVD wavelength for each design. (c) Calculated mode indices vs. wavelength for T=0.45 (red) and 0.65 (black). Solid lines correspond to the fundamental air-guided mode, while dashed lines correspond to surface modes.

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Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. (a) Schematic cross section of fiber with core surround of modified refractive index. (b) Stack of capillaries that can be used to fabricate the proposed fiber. Red represents glass of different refractive index, black is for silica and white air.

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Fig. 7.
Fig. 7. (a) Group velocity dispersion, and (b) normalized interface field intensity of the fundamental mode for a 7-cell core fiber with T=0.5, for different increments ring’s refractive index. The black circles in (b) indicate the zero-GVD wavelength for each design.

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Equations (2)

Equations on this page are rendered with MathJax. Learn more.

t r = ( 2 j + 1 ) λ 4 n s 2 − 1 ,
F = ( ε 0 μ 0 ) 1 / 2 ∮ holeperimeters d l ∣ E ∣ 2 ∫ cross − sec tion d A ∣ E × H * ∣ · z ̂ ,
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