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All-optical wavelength conversion and tuning by the cascaded sum- and difference frequency generation (cSFG/DFG) in a temperature gradient controlled Ti:PPLN channel waveguide

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Abstract

All-optical single and multiple wavelength conversion and tuning by the cascaded sum- and difference frequency generation (cSFG/DFG) have been demonstrated in a temperature gradient controlled periodically poled Ti:LiNbO3 (Ti:PPLN) channel waveguide. Up to 4 channels of wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) signals which have 100 GHz channel spacing were simultaneously wavelength converted at a 16.8 °C temperature difference between both end faces in a Ti:PPLN waveguide. The 3 dB signal conversion bandwidth was measured to be as broad as 48 nm at single channel conversion. The maximum wavelength conversion efficiency and optical signal to noise ratio of wavelength converted channel were approximately -16 dB and -20 dB at a total pump power level of 810 mW.

©2005 Optical Society of America

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Figures (5)

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Phase-matching (PM) characteristics for SFG in temperature gradient PPLN device. Pump1 can interacts with signals in shaded region. Vertical arrow lines indicate energy conservations.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Schematic diagram of the experimental setup; ECL : extended cavity semiconductor laser, FL : tunable fiber laser, ASE : amplified spontaneous emission, HP-EDFA : high power erbium-doped fiber amplifer, AWG : arrayed waveguide grating, OSA : optical spectrum analyzer, PC : polarization controller.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. cSFG/DFG spectra for the (four) different temperature gradients. Amount of temperature gradient; (a) 0 °C (pump1:1528.88 nm, pump2:1557.92 nm). (b) 7.5 °C (pump1:1528.6 nm, pump2:1557.88 nm). (c) 12 °C (pump1:1526.8 nm, pump2:1554.8 nm). (d) 16.8 °C (pump1:1526.96 nm, pump2:1554.8 nm).
Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. The SFG bandwidth as function of the temperature gradient of sample. The solid line and scatters indicate theoretical calculation and experimental data, respectively.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. Conversion efficiency as function of pump2 wavelength.
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