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Influence of a fat layer on the near infrared spectra of human muscle: quantitative analysis based on two-layered Monte Carlo simulations and phantom experiments

Ye Yang, Olusola O. Soyemi, Michelle R. Landry, and Babs R. Soller

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

The influence of fat thickness on the diffuse reflectance spectra of muscle in the near infrared (NIR) region is studied by Monte Carlo simulations of a two-layer structure and with phantom experiments. A polynomial relationship was established between the fat thickness and the detected diffuse reflectance. The influence of a range of optical coefficients (absorption and reduced scattering) for fat and muscle over the known range of human physiological values was also investigated. Subject-to-subject variation in the fat optical coefficients and thickness can be ignored if the fat thickness is less than 5 mm. A method was proposed to correct the fat thickness influence.

©2005 Optical Society of America

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Figures (5)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Fat-muscle schematic for Monte Carlo simulation. tf is the thickness of the fat layer.

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Schematic of the experimental set-up.

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Comparison of experimental and simulation results at 760 nm.

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. Influence of the optical properties of the muscle layer on the relationship between the fat thickness and the diffuse reflectance normalized to values obtained with 0 mm fat thickness and muscle optical property of absorption coefficient µam =0.019 mm-1, reduced scattering coefficient µsm ’=0.6 mm-1.

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Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. Influence of the optical properties of the fat layer on the relationship between the fat thickness and the diffuse reflectance normalized to values obtained from model with 0 mm fat thickness and muscle optical property of absorption coefficient µam =0.02 mm-1 and reduced scattering coefficient µsm ’=0.7 mm-1.

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Tables (3)

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Table 1. Optical properties of the fat and muscle layers at 760 nm. The data were used in the simulation and experiment.

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Table 2. Optical properties of fat layer and muscle layer used in the simulation for studying the influence of muscle on the relationship of fat thickness and detected diffuse reflectance.

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Table 3. Optical properties of fat layer and muscle layer used in the simulation for studying the influence of fat on the relationship of fat thickness and detected diffuse reflectance.

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Equations (2)

Equations on this page are rendered with MathJax. Learn more.

Y = A X 2 + B X + C
R det ’ = R det * ( A X std 2 + B X std + C ) ⁄ ( A X 2 + B X + C )
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