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Nano-scale photonic crystal microcavity characterization with an all-fiber based 1.2–2.0 µm supercontinuum

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Abstract

The use of ultra-broadband supercontinuum generated by an all-fiber system to characterize high-index contrast photonic circuits over the wavelength range 1.2–2.0 µm is demonstrated. Efficient, broadband waveguide coupling techniques and sensitive normalized detection enable rapid and high-resolution measurements of nano-scale one-dimensional photonic crystal microcavities. Experimental mappings of bandgaps and cavity mode resonances with a wavelength resolution of 0.1 nm compare well with computer simulations.

©2005 Optical Society of America

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Figures (3)

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. (a) Diagram of fiber laser consisting of bi-directionally pumped segment of Bi-EDF fiber and LNL-SMF. A length to LNL-SMF is used to compress the pulses to 100 fs. (b) An autocorrelation of the laser pulses after compression.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. (a) A schematic of measurement apparatus. A small fraction of SC light is diverted by a coupler for reference (Ref) measurement while the remainder (Signal) is passed through the waveguide. (b) spectrum at fiber laser output (dotted) and a characteristic SC spectrum generated by the HNL-DSF (solid). The apparent roll-off of SC spectrum at 2 µm is due to decreasing photodetector response. The SC spectral measurement was taken with optical spectrum analyzer (1150–1700 nm) and spectrometer (1700–1980 nm).
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. (a) Band diagram (TE-like bands only) based on SEM measurements of device. Grey region indicates states above the light line. (b) SEM of microcavity (top) and cross-section of waveguide (bottom). Device parameters extracted from SEM are a=424 nm, ad =649 nm, w=494 nm, tg =195 nm, to =350 nm, and D=179 nm. (c) A transmission measurement (solid) and simulated transmission (dashed) of photonic crystal microcavity (TE polarization). The transmission measurement is normalized to that of a similar waveguide without etched holes. (d) High resolution (0.1 nm) measurement (solid) and simulation (dashed) of the microcavity resonance.
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