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Circumvention of noise contributions in fiber laser based frequency combs

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Abstract

We investigate the performance of an Er:fiber laser based femtosecond frequency comb for precision metrological applications. Instead of an active stabilization of the comb, the fluctuations of the carrier-envelope offset phase, the repetition phase, and the phase of the beat from a comb line with an optical reference are synchronously detected. We show that these fluctuations can be effectively eliminated by exploiting their known correlation. In our experimental scheme, we utilize two identically constructed frequency combs for the measurement of the fluctuations, rejecting the influence of a shared optical reference. From measuring a white frequency noise level, we demonstrate that a fractional frequency instability better than 1.4 × 10-14 for 1 s averaging time can be achieved in frequency metrology applications using the Er:fiber based frequency comb.

©2005 Optical Society of America

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Figures (3)

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Schematic drawing of the experimental setup. Red lines: optical signals, blue dashed lines: electrical signals. Details are described in the text.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Spectral noise densities of the repetition phase (black solid line), of the phase of the beat between comb and optical reference (blue dotted), and of the CEO phase (red dashed).
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Comparison between the experimentally determined spectral densities of the residual phase, treating comb fluctuations as correlated (black solid line) or uncorrelated (red dotted). The blue dashed line shows the noise floor of the measurement due to the phase noise of the oscilloscope time base.

Equations (5)

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v m ( t ) = v CEO ( t ) + m f rep ( t ) ,
v m ( t ) = v CEO ( t ) + m f rep ( t ) + δ v res ( m , t ) .
φ m ( t ) = φ CEO ( t ) + m φ rep ( t ) + φ res ( m , t ) ,
Δφ res ( t ) = ( φ CEO 1 ( t ) φ CEO 2 ( t ) ) + ( φ x 1 ( t ) φ x 2 ( t ) ) m h Δφ rep ( t ) ,
σ y = 1 v 0 S v 2 τ = 1.4 × 10 14 [ τHz ] 1 2 ,
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