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Light transmission in multiple or single subwavelength trefoil channels of microstructured fibers

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Abstract

We evaluate the trefoil channels present between the holes of microstructured fibers as a potential dense array of small waveguides. In channels with an inner radius of 330nm, calculations indicate possible propagation with a mode waist of ~350nm at λ=670nm, near to the diffraction limit. Actual measurements have been performed on a 1-meter fiber section, with injection by a microlensed fiber and mapping of output by near-field scanning optical microscopy. They show that light can be output in individual channels or in several of them, depending on the injection. The observed waist is ~500nm, possibly due to experimental widening. Estimated propagation losses are <20dB/m. Since each channel occupies only 2µm2, this structure opens a way to dense parallel optical processing.

©2005 Optical Society of America

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Figures (5)

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. sketch of a section of a MOF, detail of a region inside the holey cladding.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. scanning electron microscopy image of a section of the microstructured optical fiber.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. 9×9µm field maps corresponding to propagation in channels at 670nm obtained by the finite element method. Holes are indicated by black lines. Map (a) (neff=1.368588) is obtained with a synthetic symmetrical structure. Maps (b) (neff=1. 363749) and (c) (neff=1.373892) are obtained with the actual fiber structure.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. NSOM images around a single channel.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. NSOM images of the end section of the MOF illuminated at 0.67µm. Image height is 9.2µm. Images are combinations of topographic maps and optical intensity maps. The contrast of each image is normalized to maximum and minimum intensities, so that only relative information is displayed; peak intensity in (a) is about 20 times that in (b).
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