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Group velocity dispersion of tapered fibers immersed in different liquids

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Abstract

We investigate the group velocity dispersion of tapered fibers that are immersed in different liquids. Using the Sellmeier equations fitted from measured refractive indices of these liquids, we are able to analyze the dispersion characteristics of the tapered fibers in a tailored liquid environment. Theoretical results show a large span of slowly varying anomalous group velocity dispersion characteristics. This leads to potentially significant improvements and a large bandwidth in supercontinuum generation in a tapered fiber. This holds true as well for a range of new fiber materials.

©2004 Optical Society of America

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Figures (8)

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. The calculated GVD curve of a tapered SMF28 fused silica fiber in air with diameter (I) 1 µm, (II) 1.5 µm, (III) 2 µm, (IV) 2.5 µm, and (V) 3 µm.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. The transmission curves of a 9.8 mm cuvette of water (dashed), acetonitrile (dotted), pentane and hexane (solid). The curves of pentane and hexane are almost on top of each other.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. The GVD curve of tapered fiber with diameter 3 µm when it is immersed in (I) acetonitrile, (II) pentane, and (III) hexane.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. The GVD curves of tapered fibers with diameters of (a) 2.5 µm and (b) 3.5 µm when they are immersed in (I) acetonitrile, (II) pentane, and (III) hexane.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. The GVD curve of a fused silica tapered fiber with a diameter 3 µm when it is immersed in a mixture of pentane and hexane (1:1).
Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. The second zero-dispersion wavelength position versus the ratio of hexane in the mixture (hexane and pentane) when the fused silica fiber taper diameter is 3 µm.
Fig. 7.
Fig. 7. The GVD curve of a BK7 tapered fiber with diameter 2 µm when it is immersed in (I) acetonitrile, (II) pentane, and (III) hexane.
Fig. 8.
Fig. 8. The GVD curve of a tapered fiber immersed in chlorobenzene, with a fiber taper material of (I) SF6, d=3 µm, (II) SF59, d=3 µm, (III) SF6, d=4 µm, and (IV) SF59, d=4 µm.

Tables (2)

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Table 1. Measured refractive indices and Sellmeier equations of acetonitrile, pentane, and hexane

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Table 2. The optical properties of glasses Fused silica, BK7, SF6, and SF59 (n2(esu)=174 n2(cm2/W))

Equations (3)

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Acetonitrile: n = 1.32488 0.00171 / λ 2 + 0.00283 / λ 4
Pentane: n = 1.35079 + 0.00191 / λ 2 + 0.00016 / λ 4
Hexane: n = 1.37071 0.00137 / λ 2 + 0.00102 / λ 4
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