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Experimental study of polarization properties of highly birefringent photonic crystal fibers

T. Ritari, H. Ludvigsen, M. Wegmuller, M. Legré, N. Gisin, J. R. Folkenberg, and M. D. Nielsen

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

We analyze experimentally the polarization properties of highly nonlinear small-core photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) with no intentional birefringence. The properties of recently emerged polarization maintaining PANDA PCFs are also investigated. The wavelength and temperature dependence of phase and group delay of these fibers are examined in the telecommunications wavelength range. Compared to a standard PANDA fiber, the polarization characteristics and temperature dependence are found to be qualitatively different for both types of fibers.

©2004 Optical Society of America

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Figures (4)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Cross-sections of the analyzed PCFs. (From left to right) PANDA5 (PANDA7 and PANDA9 have the same cross-section with a different scaling), PCF3, and PCF2.

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Phase delay (a,d), group delay (b,e) and ratio of B/β (c,f) as a function of wavelength for PCF2/PCF3 and PANDA5/PANDA9, respectively.

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. KT as a function of wavelength. Arrows indicate corresponding scales.

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. B as a function of temperature @ 1550 nm (averaged over at least 10 nm intervals). Arrows indicate corresponding scales.

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Tables (2)

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Table 1. Birefringence properties of different PCF samples and standard PANDA fiber @ 1550 nm.

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Table 2. Temperature sensitivities of phase and group delay @ 1550 nm.

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Equations (2)

Equations on this page are rendered with MathJax. Learn more.

L b = λ c β = 2 π β rad ,
B ≡ ∣ ∂ β rad ∂ ω ∣ = ∣ β − λ ∂ β ∂ λ ∣ .
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