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Adaptive ranging for optical coherence tomography

N. V. Iftimia, B. E. Bouma, J. F. de Boer, B. H. Park, B. Cense, and G. J. Tearney

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

At present, optical coherence tomography systems have a limited imaging depth or axial scan range, making diagnosis of large diameter arterial vessels and hollow organs difficult. Adaptive ranging is a feedback technique where image data is utilized to adjust the coherence gate offset and range. In this paper, we demonstrate an adaptive optical coherence tomography system with a 7.0 mm range. By matching the imaging depth to the approximately 1.5 mm penetration depth in tissue, a 3 dB sensitivity improvement over conventional imaging systems with a 3.0 mm imaging depth was realized.

©2004 Optical Society of America

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Figures (11)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. OCT images of coronary arteries obtained in vivo; A-Artery with the catheter resting against the vessel wall; B-Large artery with a significant portion of the image outside of the coherence range. Tick marks, 500 µm.

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Schematic of the AR implementation in a standard OCT system.

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Flow chart depicting the adaptive ranging algorithm.

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. RSOD Galvanometer driving waveforms. a)- Non AR regime; b) Offset signal; c) ARregime - summation of the offset with the triangle waveform.

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Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. OCT axial reflectivity profile: σ1 is the centroid of the axial reflectivity profile, σ2 is the second moment, and ε is the location of the sample surface.

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Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. Schematic of the MGH AR TD-OCT System. SOA -Semiconductor Optical Amplifier, ∑-summator, PBS-Polarization Beam splitter; BS-beam splitter, BPF-Band Pass Filter.

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Fig. 7.
Fig. 7. AR OCT images of a dorsal finger, obtained in vivo. The finger was slowly moved along the z scanning direction over a distance of approximately 5 mm. A. OCT image with the finger in the initial position; B. OCT image with the finger in the final position.

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Fig. 8.
Fig. 8. Images of a carotid plaque with a 6.0 mm maximum luminal diameter. A. Traditional OCT image demonstrates visualization of only a small portion of the arterial cross-section. B. Adaptive ranging enables imaging of the entire arterial cross-section with high signal strength. Tick marks, 1 mm.

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Fig. 9.
Fig. 9. Retinal OCT images of a volunteer. A. OCT image obtained from the right eye of a volunteer without adaptive ranging; B. OCT image with adaptive ranging, obtained from the same location (right eye of the same volunteer). Images are composed of 512 A-lines of 1024 pixels and cover a depth of 1 mm.

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Fig. 10.
Fig. 10. A. Experimental setup for measurement of the AR performances; B. OCT image without AR; C. OCT image with the AR turned “on”. Gray scale bars in B and C represent OCT signal intensity.

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Fig. 11.
Fig. 11. Peak-to-peak OCT image surface displacement rate with AR on versus the surface velocity with AR off.

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Equations (2)

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SNR = 10 log ( η P s 2 h ν N E B ) ,
NEB = Δ λ · f d λ 0 ,
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