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Enhanced bandwidth of supercontinuum generated in microstructured fibers

G. Genty, M. Lehtonen, H. Ludvigsen, and M. Kaivola

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

Enhancement of the bandwidth of supercontinuum generated in microstructured fibers with a tailored dispersion profile is demonstrated experimentally. The fibers are designed to have two zero-dispersion wavelengths separated by more than 700 nm, which results in an amplification of two dispersive waves at visible and infrared wavelengths. The underlying physics behind the broad continuum formation is discussed and analyzed in detail. The experimental observations are confirmed through numerical simulations.

©2004 Optical Society of America

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Supplementary Material (1)

Media 1: MOV (2830 KB)     

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Figures (8)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Schematic of the spectral amplification of dispersive waves along a two-λZD MF. VDW: visible dispersive wave, IDW: infrared dispersive wave, RS soliton: Raman shited soliton.

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Calculated dispersion profile a) and effective area b) of the four MFs. D: dispersion and Aeff : effective area.

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Experimental spectra for increasing input power recorded at the output of a) fiber 1, b) fiber 2, c) fiber 3, and d) fiber 4. The dashed lines shows the location of λZD . P av: average pump input power, VDW: visible dispersive wave, and IDW: infrared dispersive wave. The length of the fibers is 1.5 m, λP =800nm, and Δτ=200 fs. The measurement range of the spectrum extends from 350 to 1750 nm. The drop of the spectral intensity at longer wavelengths is partly due to the decreasing sensitivity of the spectrum analyzer.

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. Calculated center wavelength of the dispersive waves as a function of the pump wavelength for the four MFs. The black, red, blue, and green curves correspond to fiber 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively.

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Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. Simulated spectrum of the SC generated along 1 m of fiber 4. Pav =140 mW, Δτ=200 fs, and λP =800 nm. For better comparison, the simulated spectrum was averaged over the same spectral window as is the resolution bandwidth of the optical spectrum analyzer applied in the experiments.

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Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. Simulated spectrogram after propagation in fiber 4 for a) z=1 cm, b) z=6 cm, c) z=14 cm and d) z=50 cm. Pav =60 mW, λP =800 nm, and Δτ=200 fs. The red line marks the pump wavelength and the dotted lines represent the λZD ’s. The white curve corresponds to the group delay of the fiber. VDW: visible dispersive wave and IRW: infrared dispersive wave.

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Fig. 7.
Fig. 7. (Movie 2.8 MB) Simulated evolution of the spectrogram of the pulses along fiber 4. The pump pulse parameters are the same as those in Fig. 6.

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Fig. 8.
Fig. 8. Supercontinuum spectrum recorded when a) tuning the pump wavelength and b) varying the input pulse. c) Supercontinuum generated in 50 cm of fiber 4.

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Tables (1)

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Table 1. Characteristic properties of the MFs. Λ: pitch, d: hole diameter, and MFD: mode-field diameter.

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Equations (1)

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Δ β = β ( ω P ) − β ( ω D W ) = ( 1 − f R ) γ ( ω P ) P P − ∑ n ≥ 2 ( ω D W − ω P ) n n ! β n ( ω p ) = 0 ,
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