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2-D wavelength demultiplexer with potential for ≥ 1000 channels in the C-band

Shijun Xiao and Andrew M. Weiner

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

We demonstrate a 2-D wavelength demultiplexer by using a virtually imaged phased array (VIPA) and a diffraction grating in bulk optics, which yields a hyperfine channel spacing 5 GHz (40 pm) with 1.75 GHz (14 pm) -3dB bandwidth, >20dB channel isolations, and a very large free spectral range. The 2-D wavelength demultiplexer is capable of having a very large number (≥1000) of hyperfine channels in the C-band (1530–1570 nm). We also present the first analytic theory for the 2-D demultiplexer.

©2004 Optical Society of America

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Figures (5)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. The layout of our 2-D spectral disperser. The grating disperses in y; the VIPA disperses in x. OSA: optical spectrum analyzer with 0.01 nm resolution in wavelength. CYL: cylindrical lens.

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Photograph of our 2-D wavelength demultiplexer. (The beam expander shown in the photo is used only for our later experiment in connection with the data of Fig. 5.)

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Fig 3.
Fig 3. The 2-D wavelength demultiplexing. Peak wavelengths are demultiplexed to different (x, y). The red solid lines are approximate linear fittings to the demultiplexing data. The blue ellipses show the size at half maximum of the peak intensity for two selected peak wavelengths.

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. (a) is the 2-D multiple demultiplexing channels with center channel wavelengths corresponding to the data in Fig. 3, and (b) is the corresponding channel lineshape.

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Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. (a) is another sample of the demultiplexing channel response with improved insertion loss performance and same spatial dispersion compared to Fig. 4, and (b) is the corresponding channel lineshape.

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Equations (5)

Equations on this page are rendered with MathJax. Learn more.

I out ( x , y , λ ) ∝ I in ( ω ˜ ) exp ( − 2 f c 2 x 2 f 2 W 2 ) 1 ( 1 − R r ) 2 + 4 ( R r ) sin 2 ( k Δ 2 ) exp [ − ( y − α ω ˜ ) 2 w 0 2 ]
λ p − λ 0 = − λ 0 [ tan ⁡ ( θ in ) cos ⁡ ( θ i ) n r cos ⁡ ( θ in ) x f + 1 2 1 n r 2 x 2 f 2 ]
λ p − λ 0 = d cos ⁡ ( θ d 0 ) y − y 0 f
FWHM / frequency = c 2 π t n r cos ⁡ ( θ i ) 1 − R r R r ,
FWHM / wavelength = λ 0 2 2 π t n r cos ⁡ ( θ i ) 1 − R r R r ,
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