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The ‘Precessions’ tooling for polishing and figuring flat, spherical and aspheric surfaces

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Abstract

The Precessions process has been developed for the control of texture (‘polishing’), preservation of form during polishing, and control of form (‘figuring’), on flat, spherical and aspheric surfaces. In this first and introductory paper, we summarize the need for aspherics, review some aspheric technologies, and then distill a ‘wish-list’ of attributes for an aspheric process. Within this context, we focus on special properties of Precessions tools, their use in a family of 7-axis CNC polishing machines, and present experimental results.

©2003 Optical Society of America

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Figures (9)

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Measured influence function (microns depth versus mm on the part) of a pole-down spinning tool
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Precessing bonnet
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Speed contours across four precessed polishing spots, shown spaced on the part
Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. Speed contours across four coalesced polishing spots
Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. Surface texture produced in the special case of polishing at only one precession position. The figure corresponds to a small sample of one of the circles in Fig. 3.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. Surface texture Ra=0.5 nm from four coalesced spots corresponding to the usual four precession positions i.e. a small sample of the four superimposed circles in Fig. 4.
Fig. 7.
Fig. 7. Removal depth versus tool-speed
Fig. 8.
Fig. 8. Removal volume versus tool-speed
Fig. 9.
Fig. 9. Family of experimental influence functions (depth in microns)
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