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Display of polarization information by coherently moving dots

K. M. Yemelyanov, M. A. Lo, E. N. Pugh, and N. Engheta

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

It is known that human eyes are effectively polarization-blind. Therefore, in order to display the polarization information in an image, one may require exhibiting such information using other visual cues that are compatible with the human visual system and can be easily detectable by a human observer. Here, we present a technique for displaying polarization information in an image using coherently moving dots that are superimposed on the image. Our examples show that this technique would allow the image segments with polarization signals to “pop out” easily, which will lead to better target feature detection and visibility enhancement.

©2003 Optical Society of America

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Supplementary Material (14)

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Figures (5)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. (2.5 MB movie) A collection of randomly located dots on a dark background. Click here to start the movie. One can see that the region with coherently moving dots can be easily “popped out” against the background having randomly moving dots. Other information: image size: 316×316 pixels, cell size: 7×7, dot’s pixel intensity: 255, frame rate: 20frames/sec, dot’s speed in the region with coherently moving dots: 20 pixels/sec. (12.5 MB version)

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. (a) PS image and (b) PD image of the target to which we apply the polarization-to-moving-dots mapping strategy introduced here. These target images were originally obtained and used in our previous study of polarization difference imaging (PDI) reported in (Fig. 1 in[9]). The light scattered from the two square patch areas are slightly partially polarized parallel to the direction of abrasion on these patches. The goal here is to map the polarization information contained in the PD image into the PS image by using coherently moving dots. Image size: 512×479 pixels.

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. (2.5 MB and 1.5 MB movies.) Implementation of the mapping technique described here on the image of target shown in Fig. 2. Polarization information from the affine transformed PD image (Fig. 2(b)) is mapped as moving dots onto the PS image (Fig. 2(a)). Here the threshold value is chosen to be δ=32 for the affine transformed PD values. In (a), the dot intensity is prescribed using the “contrast scheme,” while in (b) it is chosen using the “percentage scheme” with M=30%. Viewing the moving dots, our visual system can distinguish among the regions with PD>δ, PD<-δ, and -δ<PD<δ PD signals. Other information: Image size: 340×316 pixels, cell size: 7×7 pixels, frame rate: 20frames/sec. ((a) 14.9 MB version, (b) 10.3 MB version).

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. (2.54 MB and 1.51 MB movies.) Similar to Fig. 3, except here the threshold value is chosen to be δ=48 for the affine transformed PD values. We note that the higher threshold value results in having smaller regions with coherently moving dots, thus highlighting the patch areas where the PD signal has higher absolute values. Other information: Image size: 340×316 pixels, cell size: 7×7 pixels, frame rate: 20 frames/sec. ((a) 12.7 MB version, (b) 10.4 MB version).

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Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. (2.58 MB and 1.2 MB movies.) Similar description as Fig. 3, except here the moving dots form short line with time-varying lengths, resulting in additional cues to visualize polarization information from the PD image given in Fig. 2(b). Other information: Image size: 340×316 pixels, cell size: 7×7 pixels, frame rate: 20 frames/sec. ((a) 12.9 MB version, (b) 6.15 MB version).

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Equations (2)

Equations on this page are rendered with MathJax. Learn more.

PS I ( x , y ) = I ▯ ( x , y ) + I ⊥ ( x , y ) ,
PD I ( x , y ) = I ▯ ( x , y ) − I ⊥ ( x , y ) ,
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