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High power air-clad photonic crystal fibre laser

W. J. Wadsworth, R. M. Percival, G. Bouwmans, J. C. Knight, and P. St. J. Russell

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

An Ytterbium-doped photonic crystal fibre laser is demonstrated with a 100 µm2 core area and single transverse mode with an output efficiency of 30%. Double-clad PCF laser structures are demonstrated with pump cladding NA greater than 0.8 and output power up to 3.9 W. Such lasers are potentially scalable to high power.

©2003 Optical Society of America

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Figures (6)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Optical micrograph of the core region of a fibre preform, showing 425 small doped regions within the core. Pitch 90 µm.

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. The cleaved end of the doped fibres incorporating the core shown in Fig. 1. The core diameter is 15 µm between the innermost air-holes. The overall fibre diameter is 120 µm. a) fibre LMA-A, d/Λ = 0.3; b) fibre LMA-B, d/Λ = 0.55.

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Scanning electron micrograph of a doped air clad fibre, core circled. Fibre parameters: Λ = 9.6 µm, d/Λ = 0.4, core diameter 15.2 µm, 54 webs of width 350 nm, inner cladding diameter 143 µm across flats, 164 µm across corners, overall diameter 500 µm.

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. SEM of double-clad fibre 2, core circled. Fibre parameters: Λ = 10.5 μm, d/Λ = 0.40, core diameter 10.0 µm, web width = 360 nm, inner cladding diameter 155 µm across flats, 179 µm across corners, overall diameter 280 µm. Close-up of air cladding of Fig. 3, web width 350 nm, length 13 µm.

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Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. Attenuation spectrum of the double-clad fibre shown in Fig. 4. Background attenuation at 1080 nm is 15 dB/km, and the Yb3+ absorption at 915 nm is 0.15 dB/m.

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Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. Laser slope efficiency for two different output face configurations, blue:- 4% Fresnel reflection output coupler; red:- mirror to reflect pump.

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