Elimination of polarization degeneracy in round waveguides

Ian M. Bassett; Alexander Argyros

doi:10.1364/OE.10.001342

Optics Express
Vol. 10,
Issue 23,
pp. 1342-1346
(2002)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.10.001342

Elimination of polarization degeneracy in round waveguides

Ian M. Bassett and Alexander Argyros

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Ian M. Bassett and Alexander Argyros, "Elimination of polarization degeneracy in round waveguides," Opt. Express 10, 1342-1346 (2002)

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Abstract

We show how to design a round optical fiber so that it is effectively single moded, with no polarization degeneracy. Such fibers would be free from the consequences of polarization degeneracy or near degeneracy – phenomena such as polarization fading in interferometry, and polarization mode dispersion – and so may offer an alternative to polarization maintaining fibers for the avoidance of these phenomena. The design presented builds on an earlier observation of polarization selective refection in Bragg fibers.

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Fig.1. Schematic refractive index profiles of (a) a step index fiber, and (b) a Bragg fiber.

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Fig. 2. Schematic of the electric field in the hybrid, TE, and TM modes of a round waveguide.

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Fig. 3. Relationship between the propagation constant and the transverse wavenumber in a medium of refractive index n1, and illustration of the Brewster angle of incidence at a plane boundary.

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Tables (3)

Table 1a. Key modal properties of TE Bragg fiber A

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Table 1b. Key modal properties of TE Bragg fiber B

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Table 2. Key modal properties of a Bragg fiber (defined in reference [10])

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Equations (3)

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\frac{β}{k} = n_{eff} = \frac{n_{1} n_{2}}{\sqrt{n_{1}^{2} + n_{2}^{2}}} .

\frac{{n_{1} < n}_{2} n_{co}}{\sqrt{n_{2}^{2} + n_{co}^{2}}} and \frac{{n_{2} < n}_{1} n_{co}}{\sqrt{n_{1}^{2} - n_{co}^{2}}},

min (n_{1}, n_{2}) < \sqrt{2} n_{co} .

mode class		effective index (n _eff)		loss (dB/m)	L_1% (m) (20 dB)	L_.01% (m) (40 dB)
m*		Real	Imaginary	loss (dB/m)	L_1% (m) (20 dB)	L_.01% (m) (40 dB)
0	TE	0.891067	1.4226×l0^-8	7.764×l0^-1	25.8	51.5
1	hybrid	0.805578	1.7392×l0^-3	9.49l×l0⁴	2.11×l0^-4	4.21×10 ^-4
0	TE	0.792086	1.819×l0^-3	9.929×l0⁴	2.01×l0^-4	4.03×10^-4

mode class		effective index (n _eff)		loss (dB/m)	L_1% (m) (20 dB)	L_.01% (m) (40 dB)
m*		Real	Imaginary	loss (dB/m)	L_1% (m) (20 dB)	L_.01% (m) (40 dB)
0	TE	0.941762	9.2086×l0^-10	5.026×10^-2	398	796
0	TE	0.812685	3.1489×10^-5	1.719×l0³	1.16×l0-²	2.33×10 ^-2
1	hybrid	0.888962	1.3357×10^-3	7.290×10⁴	2.74×l0^-4	5.49×10^-4

mode class		effective index (n _eff)		loss (dB/m)	L_1% (m) (20 dB)	L_.01% (m) (40 dB)
m		Real	Imaginary	loss (dB/m)	L_1% (m) (20 dB)	L_.01% (m) (40 dB)
0	TE	0.997366	5.77×10^-14	2.032×10^-6	9.84×10 ⁶	1.97×10⁷
0	TE	0.991144	2.13×10^-13	7.500×10^-6	2.67×10⁶	5.33×10 ⁶
0	TE	0.981285	5.23×10^-13	1.84×10^-5	1.09×10⁶	2.17×10⁶

mode class		effective index (n _eff)		loss (dB/m)	L_1% (m) (20 dB)	L_.01% (m) (40 dB)
m*		Real	Imaginary	loss (dB/m)	L_1% (m) (20 dB)	L_.01% (m) (40 dB)
0	TE	0.891067	1.4226×l0^-8	7.764×l0^-1	25.8	51.5
1	hybrid	0.805578	1.7392×l0^-3	9.49l×l0⁴	2.11×l0^-4	4.21×10 ^-4
0	TE	0.792086	1.819×l0^-3	9.929×l0⁴	2.01×l0^-4	4.03×10^-4

mode class		effective index (n _eff)		loss (dB/m)	L_1% (m) (20 dB)	L_.01% (m) (40 dB)
m*		Real	Imaginary	loss (dB/m)	L_1% (m) (20 dB)	L_.01% (m) (40 dB)
0	TE	0.941762	9.2086×l0^-10	5.026×10^-2	398	796
0	TE	0.812685	3.1489×10^-5	1.719×l0³	1.16×l0-²	2.33×10 ^-2
1	hybrid	0.888962	1.3357×10^-3	7.290×10⁴	2.74×l0^-4	5.49×10^-4

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Figures (3)

Tables (3)

Equations (3)

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